Strategy and Sustainability of Ecotourism Villages in the Buleleng Regency

  • I Gusti Ayu Purnamawati Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
  • Gede Adi Yuniarta Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha
  • I Gusti Bagus Baskara Nugraha School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Keywords: personal motivation, the use of digital information, branding, sustainability of ecotourism villages

Abstract

Analysis of personal motivation, use of digital information, and green tourism branding in Buleleng Regency is very important for the sustainability of the ecotourism villages that are starting to be developed. This research used a quantitative approach with a population of 16,521 people with respondent selection using purposive sampling to obtain 236 people. The primary data type was by giving questionnaires (Likert scale) to village heads, traditional Kelian, official Kelian, homestay owners, tourism awareness group (pokdarwis) heads, tourists, and village communities. All data was analyzed using WarpPLS 7.0. This research reveals that personal motivation, the use of digital information, and branding, influence the sustainability of ecotourism villages in Buleleng Regency. The results of this research are in line with the theory of planned behavior and attribution which explains individual motivation and the factors determining the success of a business, including technological support in the use of accounting information, while promotion is an external attribution. This research can provide information for the tourism village actors in Buleleng Regency regarding the promotion and management of tourism which should be in synergy with traditional villages and official villages. All community roles cannot be separated from collaboration between stakeholders who have a big responsibility in expanding the village towards independence.

Author Biographies

I Gusti Ayu Purnamawati, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

SCOPUS ID: 58168790000, SINTA ID: 5981319, GS ID: -3irPssAAAAJ&hl

Gede Adi Yuniarta, Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha

SCOPUS ID: 57210937073, SINTA ID: 5980515, GS ID: VpoHYTkAAAAJ&hl

I Gusti Bagus Baskara Nugraha, School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung

SCOPUS ID: 8612622100, SINTA ID: 6004249, GS ID: UwzOGzMAAAAJ&hl

References

Ahmad, P., & Ardhanariswari, K. A. (2018). From Nothing to Something: Study on How Local Government Transformed Oil and Gas Area into Ecotourism Village in Indonesia through Branding Strategy. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 9(8), 1760–1767. https://doi.org/10.14505/jemt.v9.8(32).15

Ajzen, I. (2006). Behavioral Interventions Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior.

Al-Jubari, I., Mosbah, A., Talib, Z., ‘Aine, M., Khalid, & Azman, N. (2019). How Do Entrepreneur¬ship Education and Self- Efficacy Influence Entrepreneurship Intention? International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, 5(2), 949–966.

Alexandrescu, M.-B., & Milandru, M. (2018). Promotion As a Form of Communication of the Marketing Strategy. Land Forces Academy Review, 23(4), 268–274. https://doi.org/10.2478/raft-2018-0033

Amoah, J., Egala, S. B., Keelson, S., Bruce, E., Dziwornu, R., & Duah, F. A. (2023). Driving Factors to Competitive Sustainability of SMEs in the Tourism Sector: An Introspective Analysis. Cogent Business & Management, 1(10), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2163796

Arismayanti, N. K., Sendra, I. M., Suwena, I. K., Budiarsa, M., Bakta, I. M., & Pitana, I. G. (2019). Tourism Villages’ Development in Bali, Mass or Alternative Tourism? Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 7(2), 117–139. https://doi.org/10.15640/jthm.v7n2a11

Armutcu, B., Tan, A., Amponsah, M., Parida, S., & Ramkissoon, H. (2023). Tourist behaviour: The role of digital marketing and social media. Acta Psychologica, 240(104025), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104025

Badi, K. S. Al. (2018). The Impact of Marketing Mix on the Competitive Advantage of the SME Sector in the Al Buraimi Governorate in Oman. SAGE Open, 8(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018800838

Barit, S. V. M. (2023). Entrepreneurial Abilities and Attitude of Business Students as Determinants of their Interest in Starting a Business. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 13(1), 12–34. https://doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.13.1.3

Bibri, S. E., Krogstie, J., & Kärrholm, M. (2020). Compact City Planning and Development: Emerging Practices and Strategies for Achieving the Goals of Sustainability. Developments in the Built Environment, 4(100021), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2020.100021

Birnberg, J. G., Frieze, I. H., & Shields, M. D. (1977). The Role of Attribution Theory in Control Systems. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 2(3), 189–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0361-3682(77)90011-3

Brooks, S., Wang, X., & Schneider, C. (2020). Technology Addictions and Technostress: An Examination of the U.S. and China. Journal of Organizational and End User Computing (JOEUC), 32(2), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.4018/JOEUC.2020040101

Cai, W., & McKenna, B. (2023). Power and Resistance: Digital-Free Tourism in a Connected World. Journal of Travel Research, 62(2), 290–304. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875211061208

Cao, L., Niu, H., & Wang, Y. (2022). Utility Analysis of Digital Villages to Empower Balanced Urban-Rural Development Based on the Three-Stage DEA-Malmquist Model. PLoS ONE, 17(8), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270952

Carvache-Franco, M., Carvache-Franco, W., Víquez-Paniagua, A. G., Carvache-Franco, O., & Pérez-Orozco, A. (2021). The Role of Motivations in the Segmentation of Ecotourism Destinations: A Study from Costa Rica. Sustainability, 13(17), 9818. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13179818

Chiwaridzo, O. T., & Masengu, R. (2023). The Impact of Social Media Branding and Technology Adoption on Green Tourism: The Role of Tourist Behavior As A Mediator in Developing Countries Post-COVID-19—Context of Zimbabwe. Future Business Journal, 9(63), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-023-00249-6

Davis, M. L., Witcraft, S. M., Baird, S. O., & Smits, J. A. J. (2017). Learning Principles in CBT. In The Science of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (pp. 51–76). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803457-6.00003-9

Dedeoğlu, B. B., Niekerk, M. van, Küçükergin, K. G., Martino, M. De, & Okumuş, F. (2020). Effect of Social Media Sharing on Destination Brand Awareness and Destination Quality. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 26(1), 33–56. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766719858644

Dwivedi, Y. K., Kshetri, N., Hughes, L., Slade, E. L., Jeyaraj, A., Kar, A. K., Baabdullah, A. M., Koohang, A., Raghavan, V., Ahuja, M., Albanna, H., Albashrawi, M. A., Al-Busaidi, A. S., Balakrishnan, J., Barlette, Y., Basu, S., Bose, I., Brooks, L., Buhalis, D., … Wright, R. (2023). Opinion Paper: “So what if ChatGPT wrote it?” Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy. International Journal of Information Management, 71(1), 102642. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102642

Egger, I., Lei, S. I., & Wassler, P. (2020). Digital Free Tourism – An Exploratory Study of Tourist Motivations. Tourism Management, 79(104098), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2020.104098

Farida, I., & Setiawan, D. (2022). Business Strategies and Competitive Advantage: The Role of Performance and Innovation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(3), 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8030163

Gamage, S. K. N., Ekanayake, E., Abeyrathne, G., Prasanna, R., Jayasundara, J., & Rajapakshe, P. (2020). A Review of Global Challenges and Survival Strategies of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Economies, 8(4), 79. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies8040079

Geissdoerfer, M., Vladimirova, D., & Evans, S. (2018). Sustainable business model innovation: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 198, 401–416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.240

Gidaković, P., Koklic, M. K., Zečević, M., & Žabkar, V. (2022). The Influence of Brand Sustainability on Purchase Intentions: The Mediating Role of Brand Impressions and Brand Attitudes. Journal of Brand Management, 29(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-022-00280-y

Golob, U., Burghausen, M., Kernstock, J., & Davies, M. A. P. (2022). Brand Management and Sustainability: Exploring Potential for the Transformative Power of Brands. Journal of Brand Management, 29, 513–519. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-022-00293-7

Graham, S. (1991). A Review of Attribution Theory in Achievement Contexts. Educational Psychology Review, 3, 5–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01323661

Hanaysha, J. R. (2018). An Examination of the Factors Affecting Consumer’s Purchase Decision in the Malaysian Retail Market. PSU Research Review, 2(1), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1108/PRR-08-2017-0034

Hayati, S., & Fatarib, H. (2022). The Role of Small and Medium Micro Enterprises (MSMEs) In Economic Development in Bandar Lampung. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal), 5(2), 13010–13015. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i2.5140

Helmita, Sari, O. N., Julianti, N. T., & Dwinata, J. (2021). Pengembangan Desa Wisata Berkonsep Smart Tourism Melalui Pemberdayaan Kompetensi Masyarakat Desa Pujorahayu. Jurnal Gentiaras Manajemen dan Akuntasi, 13(1), 037–049. https://doi.org/10.47768/gema.v13i1.226

Hermundsdottir, F., & Aspelund, A. (2021). Sustainability innovations and firm competitiveness: A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 280(1), 124715. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124715

Hu, R., Wang, L., Zhang, W., & Bin, P. (2018). Creativity, Proactive Personality, and Entre-preneurial Intention: The Role of Entrepreneurial Alertness. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00951

Huo, C., Hameed, J., Zhang, M., Ali, A. F. B. M., & Hashim, N. A. A. N. (2022). Modeling the impact of corporate social responsibility on sustainable purchase intentions: insights into brand trust and brand loyalty. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 35(1), 4710–4739. https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2021.2016465

Jena, R. K. (2020). Measuring the Impact of Business Management Student’s Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intention: A case Study. Computers in Human Behavior, 107(106275). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106275

Jiatong, W., Murad, M., Bajun, F., Tufail, M. S., Mirza, F., & Rafiq, M. (2021). Impact of Entrepreneurial Education, Mindset, and Creativity on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(724440), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.724440

Kock, N. (2020). Full Latent Growth and Its Use in PLS-SEM: Testing Moderating Relationships. Data Analysis Perspectives Journal, 1(1), 1–5.

Kornilaki, M., Thomas, R., & Font, X. (2019). The Sustainability Behaviour of Small Firms in Tourism: the Role of Self-Efficacy and Contextual Constraints. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(1), 97–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2018.1561706

Lemon, K. N., & Verhoef, P. C. (2016). Understanding Customer Experience Throughout the Customer Journey. Journal of Marketing, 80(6), 69–96. https://doi.org/10.1509/jm.15.0420

López-Sanz, J. M., Penelas-Leguía, A., Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, P., & Cuesta-Valiño, P. (2021). Rural Tourism and the Sustainable Development Goals. A Study of the Variables That Most Influence the Behavior of the Tourist. Frontiers in Psychology, 12(722973), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.722973

Ma, A. T. H., Chow, A. S. Y., Cheung, L. T. O., & Liu, S. (2018). Self-determined Travel Motivation and Environmentally Responsible Behaviour of Chinese Visitors to National Forest Protected Areas in South China. Global Ecology and Conservation, 16(e00480), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00480

Martinko, M. J., & Mackey, J. D. (2019). Attribution Theory: An Introduction to the Special Issue. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(5), 523–527. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2397

Mikaylov, J. I., Mukhtarov, S., Mammadov, J., & Azizof, M. (2019). Correction to: Re-evaluating the Environmental Impacts of Tourism: Does EKC Exist? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(32674), 19389–19402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05269-w

Morgenroth, T., Ryan, M. K., & Peters, K. (2015). The Motivational Theory of Role Modeling: How Role Models Influence Role Aspirants’ Goals. Review of General Psychology, 19(4), 465– 483. https://doi.org/10.1037/gpr0000059

Pan, J., Guan, Y., Wu, J., Han, L., Zhu, F., Fu, X., & Yu, J. (2018). The Interplay of Proactive Personality and Internship Quality in Chinese University Graduates’ Job Search Success : the Role of Career Adaptability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 109, 14–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.09.003

Pantiyasa, I. W. (2019). Konstruksi Model Pengembangan Desa Wisata menuju Smart Eco-Tourism di Desa Paksebali, Klungkung, Bali. Jurnal Kajian Bali (Journal of Bali Studies), 9(1), 165–188. https://doi.org/10.24843/JKB.2019.v09.i01.p08

Phung, T.-B., & Nguyen, D. V. P. (2023). Sustainable Tourism Branding: A Bibliographic Analysis. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(2269708), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2269708

Pu, G., Qamruzzaman, M., Mehta, A. M., Naqvi, F. N., & Karim, S. (2021). Innovative Finance, Technological Adaptation and SMEs Sustainability: The Mediating Role of Government Support during COVID-19 Pandemic. Sustainability, 13(16), 9218. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13169218

Purnamawati, I. G. A., Jie, F., & Hatane, S. E. (2022). Cultural Change Shapes the Sustainable Development of Religious Ecotourism Villages in Bali, Indonesia. Sustainability, 14(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127368

Purnamawati, I. G. A., Suwena, K. R., & Heryanda, K. K. (2023). The Use of Digital Finance Applications, Competitiveness, and Green Economy on Village Development. International Journal of Organizational Behavior and Policy, 2(2), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.9744/ijobp.2.2.67-76

Purnamawati, I. G. A., & Yuniarta, G. A. (2021). Loan Restructuring, Human Capital and Digital towards MSME Performance In the COVID-19 Pandemic. Asia-Pacific Management and Business Application, 10(2), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.apmba.2021.010.02.5

Sarja, N. L. A. K. Y., Widana, I. P. K. A., Suprapto, P. A., & Pamularsih, T. R. (2021). Developing Green Tourism-Based Model of Information Technology Utilization in Tourism Villages. International Journal of Applied Sciences in Tourism and Events, 5(2), 153–165. https://doi.org/10.31940/ijaste.v5i2.153-165

Saseanu, A. S., Ghita, S. I., Albastroiu, I., & Stoian, C.-A. (2020). Aspects of Digitalization and Related Impact on Green Tourism in European Countries. Information, 11(11), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/info11110507

Shammre, A. S. Al, Alshebami, A. S., Seraj, A. H. A., Elshaer, I. A., & Marri, S. H. Al. (2023). Unleashing Environmental Performance: The Impact of Green Entrepreneurial Motivation on Small Enterprises. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11(1176804), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1176804

Sila, N. A. (2022). The Significant Impact of Information Technology in Business and Globalization. Journal of Positive School Psychology, 6(2), 4690 – 4695.

Skeiseid, H., Derdowski, L. A., Grahn, Å. H., & Hansen, H. (2020). Motivating Sustainable Change in Tourism Behavior: The First- and Third-Person Effects of Hard and Soft Messages. Sustainability, 12(1), 235. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12010235

Tambunan, T. (2019). Recent evidence of the development of micro, small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(18), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0140-4

Tang, H., Wang, R., Jin, X., & Zhang, Z. (2022). The Effects of Motivation, Destination Image and Satisfaction on Rural Tourism Tourists’ Willingness to Revisit. Sustainability, 14(11938), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141911938

Utama, I. G. B. R., Tonyjanto, C., Krismawintari, N. P. D., Waruwu, D., Sukarsih, N. N. T., & Suardhana, I. N. (2023). Exploration of the Advantages of Tourism Branding in Bali, Indonesia. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(3), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i3.1609

Utami, D. D., Dhewanto, W., & Lestari, Y. D. (2023). Rural Tourism Entrepreneurship Success Factors for Sustainable Tourism Village: Evidence from Indonesia. Cogent Business & Management, 10(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2180845

Westhead, P., & Marina, S. (2016). Entrepreneurship Education and Entrepreneurial Intention: Do Female Students Benefit? International Small Business Journal Researching Entrepreneurship, 34(8), 979–1003. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242615612534

Published
2024-01-31
How to Cite
Purnamawati, I. G. A., Yuniarta, G. A., & Nugraha, I. G. B. B. (2024). Strategy and Sustainability of Ecotourism Villages in the Buleleng Regency. International Journal of Organizational Behavior and Policy, 3(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.9744/ijobp.3.1.1-14
Section
Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Obs.: This plugin requires at least one statistics/report plugin to be enabled. If your statistics plugins provide more than one metric then please also select a main metric on the admin's site settings page and/or on the journal manager's settings pages.